欢乐的罕见病-难梳头发综合征 (uncombable hair syndrome)
欢乐的罕见病-难梳头发综合征 (uncombable hair syndrome)
难梳头发综合征 (蓬发综合征)uncombable hair syndrome,又名玻璃丝发(spun.glass hair)、三角隧道毛发 (pili trianguli et canaliculi),属常染色体显性遗传性疾病,由1973年Dupré首先发现【1】。
人体中有三个影响头发特征的基因,分别是PADI3、TGM3和 TCHH。如果其中的一个基因功能失常,赋予头发其形状和强度的结构蛋白将会受损,并使毛囊呈三角形、心形或肾形横截面【2】。
该病症状通常从3个月至12岁变得明显,通常在青春期前自发改善。特点为头发弥漫性稀疏,蓬松杂乱不易梳理,质脆易折断,呈金黄色,有特殊光泽。 全身其他毛发无异常。目前没有明确有效的治疗方法(增加头发长度和补充维生素在个别个体上实现了一定的疗效)。
一个病例:
9-year-old white boy presented with unruly hair since birth. Although his hair appeared to have normal growth without excessive loss or increased brittleness, it did not maintain its shape after styling. His older sister had experienced similar hair problems during childhood but the condition had disappeared spontaneously with puberty. The hair of the other immediate family members was normal. On examination we observed the patient's entire scalp was covered with yellowish, dry, frizzy hair that projected outward and resisted any attempt to flatten it. The results of the rest of the clinical examination were unremarkable. On dermoscopy and electron microscopy (×10 and ×600 original magnification, respectively), a longitudinal grooving and a triangular shaft were found in examined hairs【3】
蹩脚翻译:9岁的白人男孩自出生以来就出现了不规则的头发。 虽然他的头发似乎具有正常的生长而没有过多的损失或增加的脆性,但它在造型后并没不能保持其形状。 他的姐姐在童年期间经历了类似的头发问题,但病情随着青春期自发消失。 其他直系亲属的头发正常。 在检查中,我们观察到患者的整个头皮都被向外伸出的黄色,干燥,卷曲的头发覆盖,并抵抗任何使其变平的尝试(23333333)。 其余临床检查结果无显着性差异。
在皮肤镜检查和电子显微镜(分别为×10和×600原始放大倍率)下,可发现直发横截面是圆形的,而卷发是倾斜的,而且蓬发的横截面往往是三角形或心形,且从发根到发尾带有纹理,出现纵向切槽。
英国《太阳报》最近也报道了5岁女孩 Lyla-Grace Barlow 的案例,她的父母与两个姐妹都是偏深色直发。(照这张照片前估计梳了两个小时脑袋哈哈哈)
MAGE: SWNS:SOUTH WEST NEWS SERVICE
因为从凹槽和扁平的头发表面反射的光的改变,导致头发经常是闪亮的外观。
MAGE: SWNS:SOUTH WEST NEWS SERVICE
到2016年为止,全球仅有约100个相关案例被收集到 。在pubmed上我只检索到了77篇相关文献,而中文的知网+万方只有……1篇(捂脸逃)
还检索到一篇题目超级有意思的论文,让我们来一起来感受一下浓浓的母爱:
《我无法梳我闺女的头发!我能怎么办!我也很绝望啊!》
(笑出声的人请去面币思过!)
目前还没有明确的研究显示这种“可爱的罕见病”与其它疾病相关联,说白了就是除了自带天生金色爆炸头属性,其他都与常人无异,所以得了这种亿里挑一疾病的宝贝儿们才真的是折翼的天使啊!
感动到我的还有采访里Lyla的妈妈说的话:
“It’s fantastic. It matches her personality perfectly – she’s fun, crazy and happy.
“We’ve also been told it’s the same condition that Albert Einstein had which is funny.
“We dressed her up as him for Halloween one year and we didn’t even have to buy a wig. There can’t be many kids who can pull Einstein off with their real hair.”
蹩脚翻译:
“这真的是一颗赛艇!它完美匹配她的个性 ——她很幽默、疯狂和快乐。”
“我们也被告知,爱因斯坦也是同样的情况,好有趣啊。
“有一年万圣节我们就把她打扮成爱因斯坦,甚至不需要买假发。再没有谁能用自己的真头发来hold住爱因斯坦造型的~”
IMAGE: SWNS:SOUTH WEST NEWS SERVICE
真的希望世上每一个人的不同都能被理解,欣赏与爱。
参考文献:
【1】 . Dupré, P. Rochiccidi, J. Bonafé Cheveux incoiffables: anomalie congénitale des cheveux Bull. Soc. Fr. Dermatol. Syphiligr., 80 (1973), pp. 111–112
【2】《 The American Journal of Human Genetics 》
【3】 Navarini A A, Kaufmann F, Kaech A, et al. Picture of the month. Uncombable hair (pili trianguli et canaliculi)[J]. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med,2010,164(12):1165-1166.DOI:10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.228-a
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